Preheating apparatus



Dec. 21, 1948. H F YULA 2,457,022

PREHEAT'ING APPARATUS Filed Nov. l, 1945 4 Sheets-Sheet l 23., f w' 1 If I I Finn-Ea .4 2.

m'oms'. y

Dec. 21, 1948. H. F. YULA PREHEATING APPARATUS 4 Sheets-Sheetv 2 FiledNOV. 1, 1945 INVENToR. l

Yzmd. WPW/ Dec. 21, ,1948. H, F, YULA 2,457,022

PREHEATING APPARATUS Filed Nov. 1, 1945 4 sheets-sheet' s FE1- Eg 'IlINI/NTOR. i

By fwzrf. YUM. i M+@ Dec. 21, 1948. H. F..YU| A I PREHEATING APPARATUS 4Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed Nov. 1, 1945 INVENTOR. wy? YUM BY MVM TTogfvzfXs,

Patented lBec. 21, 1948 UNITED STATES PATENT "OFFICE PREHETING APPARATUSvi-lenry F. Yiiia, New YorkyN. Y. Application November 1, 1945,' S'erialNo.`626,"'035 (Cl. 25T- 239) 2 Claims. l

This invention relates to apparatus for heating liquids and while notlimited thereto the same has particular reference to an apparatus forpreheating fuel oil for rendering the same relatively mobile when fed tothe burner.

In the preheating of fuel oil for oil burners and the like, it has beenthe practice to conduct the fuel oil through coils arranged in acontainer connected in a bypass with the water chamber of the boiler.Such construction has the disadvantage that in the event of rupture of'any one 4of the coils the fuel oil escapes into the by pass and iscarried by the iluid therein 'to the water chamber of the boiler andthence throughout the heating system and the radiators. The presentinvention has in View an apparatus for preheating fuel oil whichovercomes the afore said objections and avoids the possibility of damageresulting to the heating system by rupture of the coils and renders theuse of the apparatus safe for all installations.

The invention further comprehends a preheating apparatus of theindicated character in which the heat is transmitted to the fuel oil bymeans of a circulating liquid separated from a heating fluid andmaintained at a substantially constant predetermined temperature bycontinued. motion of the heating fluid.

The invention also has for an object the provision of means for Ventingthe circulating liquid container and for taking up expansion in thecontainer and in the liquid.

""With lthe foregoing and other objects in 'view reference is now madeto the following specification and accompanying drawings in which is.1llustrated the preferred embodiment of the 'invention.

In the drawings:

Fig. l is a longitudinal vertical sectional View of a preheatingapparatus constructed in accordance with the invention anddiagrammatically illustrating two of the tubes only.

Fig. `2 is an venlarged outer face view of the outer head thereof.

Fig. 3 is an enlarged inner face View of .the outer head thereof.

Fig. 4 is a face View of the intermediate head showing one arrangementof the tubes.

Fig. 5 is an enlarged fragmentary vertical sectional view through theforward portion of the apparatus.

Fig. 6 is a perspective view of the intermediate head and the tubesconnected thereto.

Fig. 7 is an inner face View of a modied form of outer head.

lli

Fig. 8 is an outer "face 'view thereof.

Fig. 9 is an inner face vie'w of the modified form of intermediate head.

Fig. V10 is a 'fragmentary top 'plan View of the modified outer head.

Referring to the kdrai'yihgs iby characters of reference the apparatusincludes an outer casing or 'shell I0 preferably fashioned from vsteeland including a :cylindrical Wall Il 'closed at one end by a rear wall'I2 and having an inturned annular head I3 Welded `o1" otherwise securedt0 the cylindrical wall Il at 'the yforward `end thereof. n y

Located coaxially within 4the casing or shell I'U is a container i4preferably constructed of Acopper or other nonecorrosivemet'al and whichconsists of a cylindrical wall l5 having a closed end lI6 and formed atits "opposite end with 'an outwardly directed annular flange I'l. Thecontainer I4 protrudes through the'head f3 with the flange H thereof`loca-'ted `between the head I3 and an intermediate circular 'head "I8,The circular head I8 is formed with a plurality 'of vapertures I9 inwhich apertures :are secured the outer open ends of U-shaped tubes v2l)ywhich extend into the container `Il! with the v'bight portion 2l thereofcon.- nect'ing the opposite longitudinal legs V22 and 23 of the tubeslocated adjacent the inner end of the container. As illustrated, theapertures i9 are thirtyesix in "number to receive therein eighteen of'the Atubes 2.0. The apertures I9 are arranged in quadrantly spacedgroups the upper and lower groups each consisting of six apertures whilethe groups at the opposite sides each consist of twelve apertures. Theapertures in the uppermost group have secured therein the open ends ofthe upper legs vof siii tubes 20 while the open ends of the lower legsthereof are secured in the six intermediate ,apertures in the group atthe left side thereof. 1The ,sigx remaining apertures in said latterIgroup 4have secured therein the open yends of vthe legs of six othertubes 20 While the open ends of the opposite legs lthereof are Securedin .the Corresponding apertures I9.

in the .group (at the pps'ite side thereof. Th remaining ya"perturesI9'in ,the latter group similai-1 5" have vsecured ,there the" open endsof the upper legs 'of six' .additional tubes '20 with the open 'ends' ofthe lower legs thereof secured in the lowermost y group of apertures'.

An outer head 241s proiided which is disposed in covering relation' withthe outer face ,of the intermediate head J|18 and secured thereto bybolts 2,5 .extending .through openings in an outwardly directed flange'2 6 thereof and through aligned openings in the intermediate head I8and the flange I I of the container I4 with the threaded inner ends ofthe bolt 25 anchored in threaded openings 21 in the head I3, thusclamping the flange of the container I4 between the heads I3 and I8 andsecuring the container I4 within the casing or shell I0. Gaskets may beprovided if desired between adjacent faces of the said heads and betweenthe opposite faces of the ilange I'I and the adjacent heads forproviding liquid tight joints. v I

The outer head 24 includes a cylindrical wall 28 projecting forwardlyfrom the flange Z5 thereof, the forward end of which is closed by a wall29 provided with threaded inletl and outlet openings 30 and 3ltherethrough which areadapted to be connected by piping 32 with a fuelpump and fuel tank (not shown) and by piping 33'with the fuel oil inletof the oil burner. The head 24 `is of hollow formation and is formedwith crossribs 34 which intersect medially of the head and subdivide theYhollow interior thereof into quadrantly spacedrecesses 35, 36, 3l and33 respectively opening throughthe inner face of the said head andoverlying and separating the quadrant groups of apertures I9 in theintermediate head I8.

The apparatus isl adapted lto be arranged in a by-pass pipelineconnected with the water charnber of the heater and for this purpose thecasing or shell II) is provided with an inlet opening 39 at the topthereof adjacent the forward end which is provided with an interiorlythreaded tubular boss 40 for receiving therein the inlet pipe 4I of saidby-pass pipeline connected at the upper end with the water chamber ofthe heater somewhat below the level of the water therein. The saidcasing or shell I is also provided with an outlet opening 42 at thebottom thereof adjacent the rear of the shell' and which opening issurrounded by an interiorly threaded tubular boss 43 for receivingtherein the outlet pipe 44 of said by-pass pipeline connected at thelower end `thereof with the water chamber of the heater adjacent thebottom. By this construction the heated water in the heater iscirculated through the casing or shell I0 between the same Vand thecontainer therein and returned to the water chamber of the heater. j

The container I4 is also filled with water or other liquid insurrounding'relation with the tubes 2l] which are heated bythecirculating water in the casing or shell I0 and convey the heat to thefuel oil circulating through the tubes to render the same relativelymobile or fluid for atomizing and burning' when conducted to the oilburner.

' In order to provide means for taking upvthe expansion in the water orother liquid in the container I4, an expansion tank 45 is provided whichas illustrated in detail in Fig. 5 of the drawings is secured by thepiping 41 in the threaded opening 48 in the intermediate' head I8. Theinner end of the piping 41 is spaced from'the bottom of the threadedaperture 48 and aireduced pas-v sageway 49 extends inwardly from thebottom of said threaded aperture and opens laterally into the interiorof the container I4. A tube 50 is threadedly engaged in the upper end ofsaid pas-v ally into the interior of the container I4.A The piping 41has a branch pipe 52 connected thereto which leads to and is connectedwith a passageway 53 extending into the bottom of the intermediate headI8 and opening through the inner face thereof into the container I4. Alongitudinally extending pipe 54 is connected to the inner end of saidpassageway 53 with the open end of said pipe being located adjacent therear of the said container.

The container I4 is adapted to be lled with the water or other liquidthrough a valve 46 connecting with the expansion tank which ismaintained in a partially filled condition in order to insure that thecontainer I4 is filled with the liquid, the expansion tank beingprovided with a gauge glass 56 for determining the height of the liquidtherein. The liquid in the expansion tank 45 is admitted to thecontainer I4 through the piping 47 and thence through the passageway 5I.When the container i4 is being filled with the liquid the air therein isvented through the passageway 49 and tube 50 to the top of the expansiontank where it is exhausted to the atmosphere. The piping 41 beingconnected by the branch pipe 52, passageway 53 and pipe 54 with thebottom of the container I4 permits of the circulation of the liquidthrough the container and about the tubes 20. This is due to the factthat the liquid in the container will rise as the same becomesv heatedand" will ow upwardly through the passageway 5I and thence through thepiping ll-I and branch pipe 52 and will be returned to the containerthrough the pipe 54. The liquid thus circulating in the container willeffectively heat the fuel oil passing through the tubes 24 so as tomaintain the fuel in a mobile or fluid condition whereby it may be morereadily atomized by the oil burner. The container I4 is slidablysupported at the rear upon a saddle 51 secured to the rear wall of theshell Ill in order to permit of the expansion and contraction of thecontainer.

The expansion tank 45 is provided with a selfsealing pressure reliefvalve 58 in the top thereof which may be set at any desired pressuresuch as 100 to 150 pounds so that the same will open to relieve thepressure Within the container I4 should the pressure therein exceed thepressure set on the said relief valve 58. The outer head 24 is providedwith a relief valve 59 in the cylindrical wall 28 thereof which isadapted to be set so as to relieve the pressure in the fuel oil enteringthrough the inlet opening 30 should the pressure therein exceed thepressure sety on the said relief valve. The branch pipe 52 is providedwith ya drainage opening in communication with the passageway 53 inorder to drain the liquid from the container I4 through the pipe 54, thesaid drainage opening being normally closed by a screw plug 60.

The apparatus is supported in any desired manner in elevated positionabove a supporting surface in order to permit of the connection of theinlet and outlet openings 39 and 42 in the by-pass pipeline with thewater chamber of the heater. For this purpose the shell or casing Ill issupported upon any desired supporting surface by means of flanged pipestandards 6I secured at their upper ends to couplings which are weldedor otherwise secured to the under side thereof.

In Figs. '7 to 10 inclusive of the drawings a modified form ofintermediate and outer heads 62 and 63 is illustrated which areconstructed so as to provide for a relatively greater travel of the fueloil through the tubes or coils and consedntl'y a greater V'li'irri-ber'0T times that 'the fuel oil traverses the len-'g-th of the container 5M.

"flhe intermediate head 62 is "provided with a plural-ity fof apertures-G'l opening through the opposite faces thereof which are arranged oncircles concentric with the y'head Hand have secured therein the open7ends ci the tubes 20 as in the previous form. "The outer head 63'consists Vof `a cylindrical wall v"E55 closed at `the louter `endthereof by an -e'nd wall te and having 'an cute/'ardly projectingperipheral 'flange at the opposite 'end thereof secured inY 'coveringrelation upon the intermediate head 52 Aby vbolts such as the bolts 25extending through openings 68 in said ange and through openings I69 inthe intermediate head`'2 with the inner endsjof the bolts anchored inthe threaded 'openings 21 in the head 13.

The 'outer wall BB of the outer `headGi-i is providedwi'th threaded fuelcil inlet andoutlet ports 'I0 and il which 'open into the hollowinterior of the head. The "said 'head is Aformed with interconnectedpartitions Which sub-dividethe hollow interior thereof into a pluralityof recesses or pockets which are arranged in overlying relation with"and close the 'open vends of the tubes or coils 2t.

As illustrated in Fig. '7 of the drawings the inlet port T0 "opens intoa recess dened by partitions l2 and 'i3 extending radially inward fromthe cylindrical wall '65 and connected at the inner end thereof with "anv1iii-terfl'ee'diate wall 14, the said walls thus enclosing theopenend-of one of the legs of the tube 26 @located Tin `@the aperture64d. The opposite leg of said tube is located in the opening designated64b which opens into a recess in `the'outer hea'd63 'defined by theparti tion I3 and a partition 'l5 -extending inwardl;l fromthe'cylindrical'wa'llt5 and which partitions connect at their `inner endwith an intermediate Wall 'le which recess closes the open end of saidtube and one of the legs of the tube located in the aperture 64o. rIheopposite leg of said tube is located in the aperture 64d which leg opensinto the recess defined by the partition 'l5 and an angulated partitionl? which are connected at their inner end with an intermediate wall 'i8and which recess closes the open end of said tube and one of the legs ofa tube located in the aperture 64e of said intermediate head 62. The

opposite leg of said tube is located in the aperture 64j which opensinto a recess defined by the angulated partition 'Il and a similarpartition 79 extending radially inward from the cylindrical wall d5. Thesaid recess closes the open end of said tube and the open end of a legof one of the tubes 2t located in an aperture 64g in the intermediatehead 62 with the opposite leg of said tube located in the aperture 64hwhich latter leg opens into a recess defined by said partition 19, aportion of the partition '11, an angulated partition 80 and anintermediate wall 8|. The said recess closes the leg of said tube andalso one of the legs of a tube located in the aperture 647 of theintermediate head 62. The opposite leg of said tube is located in theaperture 64k and opens into a recess defined by said angulated partition80 and a partition 82 extending radially inward from the cylindricalwall 65 and which partitions are joined by an intermediate Wall 83. Thesaid recess closes the open end of said leg and also the open end of aleg located in the aperture 64m in the intermediate head 62. The opposite leg of said tube is located in the aperture 641i in the head 62which opens into a recess defined by the intermediate walls 8| and 83and intermediate walls 184 :and 85. The said recess closes 'the open end"of said leg and also ycloses the open end of a `leg of fone of the'tubes 20 located the aperture fll'p. "The opposite leg of said lattertube being located inthe aperture `l'llq in the 'intermediate lhead -62and opens into a recess defined by :said partition '8E and an angul-atedpartitiont which partitions are connected at their inner ends vby theintermediate Wall Y'8"3, the said recess closes `ysaid -leg and alsocloses one of the Ilegs of another one of the tubes l2) which leg isIlocated inth'epeningrdesignatedldr. y-Fhe opposite leg fof said -lastmentioned vtube is located in an aperture [Sits yin the intermediatehe'a'd 563 and =`opens into a recess defined by the partition 8f3 and"an vangulated partition 8i which are jconne'ted `by the intermediatevwall "85. The said recess closes said last ymentioned leg and alsocloses the open end of a leg'olone-of said tubes 20 located 'in r`theaperture 2'E 4t 4the opposite 5leg 4of said tubelbei-nglocated inthe'ap'erture 'Situ which opens Tinto a recess defined by said partition91 andan :angula'ted partition l'83.

rThe aforesaid arrangement of 'partitions yand tubes -is 'similar linconstruction 'for the opposite half ef the intermediate "hea-"d '-652--and Jthe outer head iii tothus define Ia centinuous passageway forAthe fuel oil entering through lthe orifice 'lili and thence through'each'o'f the tubes -2 `and-out throughth'e leg'of one of thetuloes1located-inthe aperture'designatedfliu and Athence through the tubesinthe 'said-opposite 'half of -theinterinediate head E2 `and`throughfiioand through lthe outlet port fil *te theoil burner. 'Theintermediate head is lsimilarly provided with a threaded opening :it forconnecting `the expansion tank `l45 thereto asin the previous formandatthe bottom thereof the y:said `head is 4provided Awith thepassageway 53 similar to the previous form.

In 'use and operation `the heated water in 'the Water chamberof "theheater 'is circulated bythe by-pass pipeline through the casing lilbetween the same and the container M therein so as to heat the liquidwithin the container I4 which surrounds the tubes or coils 20. Theliquid Within the container ifi being heated by the water circulating'through the casing il) transmits its heat to the fuel oil circulatingthrough the tubes or coils 20 so as to render the fuel oil relativelymobile whereby the same will be more readily atomized and burned by thefuel oil burner. Any expansion in the liquid within the container I4will flow upward into the expansion tank 15 so as to avoid excessivepressure in the container lll. The upward flow of the heated liquidtherein will also cause a circulation thereof through the branch pipe 52and return to the container through the pipe Eli so as to produce acirculation thereof about the tubes or coils 2. When not in use thecoils 20 may be drained through a pipeline (not shown) leading to thefuel oil tank which pipeline is secured in a threaded opening 89 in thehead @i3 the same being normally closed by a valve and adapted to beopened when the tubes 20 are to be drained.

What is claimed is:

l. In an apparatus for preheating fuel oil for rendering the samerelatively fluid when fed to a fuel oil burner, an outer casing, acontainer located within said casing in spaced relation to the wallsthereof, a head secured to said casing in closing relation with one endoi said container and formed with a plurality of apertures openingthrough the opposite faces thereof, a plurality of U shaped coilsdisposed within said container having open ends secured in saidapertures 'in said head, an outer head secured upon said rst named headand having ribs providing a plurality of recesses between said inner andouter heads, said outer head having an inlet opening into one of saidrecesses and an outlet opening into another of said recesses, at leastone o said coils having an open end opening through said inner head intosaid recess having the inlet opening and at least one of said coilshaving an open end opening through said inner head into said recesshaving the outlet opening and at least two of the remaining coils eachhaving an open end opening through said inner head into the remainingrecesses for admitting fuel to said coils for circulating the sametherethrough and through said recesses, an expansion tank, said firstnamed head mounting said expansion tank and having means establishingcommunication between said expansion tank and said container for Ventingsaid container through said expansion tank, said container and expansiontank being adapted to contain a fluid for circulation about the coils,said casing having inlet and outlet openings adapted to` be connectedwith a source of heated uid for circulation thereof between said casingand said container for heating the fluid in said container and a conduitconnected with the container at the top and bottom thereof forpermitting or" the circulation of the fluid in the container for heatingthe fuel oil in the coils.

2. In an apparatus of the indicated character, an outer casing, acontainer located Within said casing in spaced relation to the wallsthereof, a head closing said container and formed with a plurality ofapertures opening through the opposite faces thereof, a plurality ofgroups of coils disposed within said container having open ends securedin said apertures, an outer head secured upon said rst named head andhaving ribs providing a plurality of recesses between said inner andouter heads, said outer head having an inlet opening into one of saidrecesses and an outlet opening into another of said recesses, saidgroups of coils having their open ends opening through said inner headinto said recesses to thereby provide for the circulation of a uid fromthe inlet opening successively through said groups of coils, anexpansion tank, said first named head mounting said expansion tank andhaving means establishing communication between said expansion tank andsaid container, a pipe connected With said rst named head incommunication with said container and extending upwardly through saidexpansion tank with the open end thereof located adjacent the top of theexpansion tank for venting said container, said container and expansiontank being adapted to contain a fluid for circulation about the coils,said casing having inlet and outlet openings adapted to be connectedwith a source of heated fluid for circulation thereof between saidcasing and said container for heating the uid in said container and aconduit connected to and establishing communication with the containerat the top and bottom thereof adjacent thn opposite ends for permittingof the circulation of the fluid in the container for heating the liquidin the coils.

HENRY F. YULA.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the die ofthis patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,738,848 Starr Dec. 10, 19292,056,920 Demann Oct. 6, 1936 2,360,094 Arvins et al Oct. 10, 19442,360,408 Dunn et al. Oct. 17, 1944 2,396,235 Arvins et al. Mar. l2,1946

